Community Detector in Tnetwork

The difficulty with the overlapping community detection approach is effectively mining both topological and temporal structures. Community and change point detection are the most effective approaches for studying such developing structural relationships. Therefore, we use an algorithm that uses the so-called change points within communities to find overlapping community structures. The suggested technique combines two methods that can effectively identify stable communities at various time scales, in contrast to existing dynamic community identification approaches. The first method involves adding a community to the given dynamic graphs to detect communities on a multi-temporal scale. In order to track the expanded community and improve the algorithm, the second method involves computing the NMIs and plotting the found communities in conjugate with the first method. The efficacy of the technique is tested on high-resolution time-varying and artificial contact networks made from existing social networks.

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STEM Egypt Hack Club

The club includes the members' projects, hackathons, and more. At STEM Egypt Hack Club, we are a welcoming Egyptian and Arabian communities of fellow makers, aspiring engineers, and outstanding computer scientists in the boot camp! The opportunity to interact with other students interested in technology is undoubtedly the most valuable perk. Hack Club is a fantastic social setting that is educational and enjoyable.

We have an official affiliation with the student organization Hack Club, which brings together like-minded makers, coders, and hackers on the Slack platform. Numerous unique chances are provided by Hack Club, including AMAs with well-known figures in the tech space, including Elon Musk, Gwen Shotwell, Patrick Collison, and Tommy Devoss. Additionally, Hack Club hosts international coding competitions (in-person and online) that are a fantastic opportunity for students to bond and learn what it's like to hack in a group setting.

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Youth Science Journal

Youth Science Journal is the first Egyptian scientific journal published by high school students, for high school students. The journal presents issues on a monthly basis, each featuring a number of articles in any of a wide range of scientific fields, from biology to mathematics.

All issues go through extensive reviews and quality checks to make sure our content satisfies our high standards and be published on the website.

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DOey

A Business Project.

The application is not completed yet. However, 70% is completed, and the rest is under development to be published when it is done. It will allow adolescents to learn about real-life professions and work on them online. The application will provide a wide range of jobs, including writing, web development, graphic design, and many more. Each applicant will be able to choose from any of the available jobs. Following the job selection, and acceptance exam will be provided to assess the applicant's level and whether or not the applicant reached the required level for the selected job. Consequently, if the required level is met, the applicant will be allowed to begin work; if not, applicants will be offered courses to learn more about the chosen job, and they will have the opportunity to retake an acceptance exam. Furthermore, both applicant levels will have the opportunity to take the courses if they see that they will not perform well in the acceptance exam. I've also established a rating system for the doers, which the customer will assign based on the doer's quality. Therefore, this system will specialize each doer based on the rating stars. I aim to use gamification techniques to offer applicants motivation. To be more specific, a leaderboard will be provided in the application based on the applicants' ratings over the course of a week or month, with awards awarded to the top three. This idea will help maintain a competitive community of doers in the application and motivate many more young people to work, even if it is only for enjoyment, like in a game. I have provided a communication system for the application. This communication system will help coordinate work between the customer and the worker.

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Matrix Faces Art

A web application can draw people's faces or any art form by replacing images in the folders with the same naming. It contributes to my curiosity about doing art with computer science.

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Breast Histopathology Classifier

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The International Space Station Tracker

NASA's Project Tracking the International Space Station

In this project, I built a tracker in real time, using two different APIs while tracking the longitude and latitude and displayed the astronauts' names currently on board.

It's story began when I competed in the International Astronomy and Astrophysics Competition and was honoured with a bronze medal (top 20%). Space always piqued my interest till I bought and read books about Astronomy.

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Stranger Things Music Theme

I challenged myself to combine music and coding. I searched on the internet for a coding program that could produce music using a bunch of coding lines: Sonic Pi. The programming language used is Ruby.

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Blood Pressure Predictor Using Photoplethysmography Signal

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Minesweeper

This game was one of the most challenging games I faced when I was in school because I did not know the idea. Therefore, I decided to code the game to know the world behind this logical game.

The objective of the game is to uncover every square that does not contain a mine. Playing Minesweeper involves a fair amount of logic.

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Revilky

The COVID-19 pandemics affected the Economy of various countries causing many troubles in their economic system. A comparative analysis was done between some continents taking their major countries, for example, the USA, France, and Japan before and after COVID-19 in two different criteria, economic impacts and air quality. For instance, more than one billion passengers in the USA were removed representing a decline of 64.4% of global passenger traffic due to COVID-19. In France, the amount of NO2, NO, and CO levels in the air, were reduced by 67%, 78%, and 62%, respectively, resulting in an 80% reduction in road traffic.

Data & Resources: EO dashboard, OSM, OSM overpass API.

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Web Scraper

Scripts are used to quickly scrape the web with the help of a variety of filters and heuristics. One illustration is the Wikipedia shortest path finder, which will determine the shortest route between two pages given a beginning page and a goal page using just links on Wikipedia.

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Bolder Than Ever Before

In the sky died me,

Falling through a labyrinth of clouds towards gloom,

Encompassed by Sirius with its brightness while I was in my darkness;

Encompassed by the songbirds while I was bound to the vociferation of the black crow.

In the quirky room stood me,

Crying, keeping my cries in, snapping my fingers, for no one understood me,

Blaming myself for thingummy that is nothing, and weeping.

In the dead water drowned me,

Feeling like a fish out of water,

Like a lonely dolphin with a broken heart seeking for a friend to understand him,

Like a dead pismire drifting in a puddle, with shattered legs and a broken heart;

In the gloomy room, cried me,

Cerebrating how I could alter the world with a broken pencil and a tearful paper,

Like a shoelace, vain in others' lives, then relinquished the instant they demand it,

tossing and turning.

In the bowels of the Earth far below scorched me,

Being in the love of you,

A pure soul with terrible impulses, a celestial body with the heart of a demon,

So that you could scorch me with your blistering voice.

Waiting for the time when I return to accomplish my fate, bolder than ever before.

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Charming Star

Her lovely scent fascinates me once I am smelling;
Her brown eyes were like stars in the sky, shimmering;
Her smile never leaves my reasoning.
I'm in love with her natural compositional character.

Ever since I met her,
Everything I thought was true turned out to be false.
I don't know if it was a dose,
But what I really, really, know, if it was a dose,
It is a dose of love.

Avowing to you '
I did everything I thought I couldn't,
Just because of you,
I turned my life upside down, down upside, you.

Aye, I'm cerebrating now.
You weren't really off-base.
Because, unfortunately, I came out for you in the sweepstake.
A bionic person has dividers and rules;
A bionic person who is obsessed, confined,
And debilitated with the sickness of life

But, you, you'
With your nice heart, your persistence,
Your stubbornness and your love,
Left no dividers, no rules,
No restrictions, no fringes.

You wrecked me;
I felt ruined to such an extent.
Yet, luckily, you did.
Do you keep making me mess with my equilibrium?

Assuming I attain at this world a hundred times,
I'll fall in love with you a hundred times over.

With your love for my entire life '
I promise you till my last breath,
I will always love you;
I will consistently make you joyous.

I've been observing the stars for so many years'
But when you arose into my life,
I saw the sparkling, shimmering star I was searching for.
It was undeviatingly in front of me,
This shimmering, sparkling star.

 

I've been thinking for a really long, long time;
What is the nitty-gritty of love?
And on that day'
On the first day, we met.
When we met by coincidence '
I got the answer.

The nitty-gritty of love is you, you.
So I will always be in love,
Infatuated with you.
All my love is like the melody;
All my love is like a red rose blossom.

Perhaps I can obliterate your dreams.
And perhaps you obliterate my dreams.
Though, come'
Let's make dreams come true '
You and me, me and you.

Fantasies and lives,
At times life is more beautiful than fantasy.
And it comes out in front of people with more veritable surprises.

Sometimes a person creates their opportunity by themselves;
By defiance and not backing off.
Regardless of what occurs,
We ought not to lose hope.

This girl that once I have hated.
Eventually, she helped me change for the better,
And seeing the world with my own eyes as a place
I was unable to have envisioned it.

Do you ratify how you make me glowing?
Do you..?
Can you hear my heart pounding?
Can you..?

Do you believe that?
That I never felt as such before you;
That life is something that has no value without you.
Your existence makes me heal, makes me alive.

My sweety girl, my lovely girl'
Auspiciously, you opened your heart to me.
A long life looks for us;
Crammed with surprises.
A long life awaits;
My sweety girl, my lovely girl.

 

When you are not in front of my eyes,
I can't depict to you how down I am,
Without you, without you'

When my heart battles to leave its locked chamber;
When I need to embrace you nearby and cry,
And in a warm breath, murmur, 'I love you.'

For what reason do I freeze upon your sway?
For what reason do I ponder long of that glimmer?
For what reason do your words touch my spirit?
For what reason do you frustrate my control?

You caught the heart '
That once had a place with me.
And my heart feels your touch,
profound and snug.
The beauty of that sensation taking its paths in the sky;
Like a star through the universe taking its jump.

I arrived in your arms like a space traveller getting back from his Apollo mission.
I felt like you were 'Sirius' charming me every time you smiled with your bright smile.
Again, and again, and again '
I'm a lucky man that I have met, known, loved this charming star.

The most sparkling, shimmering star in the universe,
The most beauteous, gorgeous girl on the Earth,
The most gorgeous, beauteous girl in nature,
The most charming mermaid in the world.

You fascinated me.
I deign you my mind,
My soul,
My heart.

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My Apple Tree, my Goals, My Hope

Sitting beneath the apple tree;

working through my codes' lines;

leaving my overloads back and appreciating the nature;

letting my hippocampus assume its role for a while.

Driving through suburbia

to attain my life goals:

a four-year life goals.

Waiting for the apple to fall

to fulfil its purpose to be eaten, to share the pleasure.

Looking at goals like apples piled together:

Each one connects with the other;

each one demands effort from its source

like branches bring water to these apples

Down to up - like going through the stairs to my goals.

Going up the stairs

to my dream college

with broken treads through the way up,

while having hope.

Sharing the happiness, healing the ill;

teaching the underprivileged, altering others' lives;

enjoying the best of my time while doing these simple things,

while having faith;

waiting to convert these simple things into more prominent and grander things.

Spending evenings with precious companions;

no one ever understood these cherished companions

because they are distinct, which makes them unique and special;

special to my heart, special to everybody who will understand.

Spending my whole time studying in the dorm;

working hard to feel a sense of happiness;

even if I didn't obtain the top-notched grades in my class,

just being content with the efforts spent my time on is the best of my life,

while having hope for change for the better.

Everyone in the surroundings considers that grades create from a person, person,

while they don't know what had transpired beyond these letters (grades);

they don't know how much effort and time we spent;

doing our best to be pleased, working hard to share and have a sense of happiness.

They never realized that existence has no perfection; else, existence would go to a fault.

Life will take me to where I deserve to be,

while having faith and working hard;

while having hope and trying my best;

while waiting for this little apple to fall and doing what I love.

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Lonely Tears

Doom, Terror, Tears, and Thunder.

What do you think about this ingredient?

What do you think about its efficacy?

What do you think?

Letting sleeping dogs lie,

Sleeping with opened eyes.

When I weep, I ensure no one is looking.

Strolling in the school's dorm;

When the hallway's light comes on, I wipe my tears;

It'll all end in tears,

Whilst others thoughts that I'm merely bashful.

They say that their lips are sealed, even though they deceive as usual.

No one can be trusted with my deepest secrets;

Brutal words;

Tearing hands.

The whole kit and caboodle are black;

Hearts are filled with black;

Blacky eyes;

They're black as a skillet.

The sky is black;

I'm no longer able to see it.

A wall separates me from the angles;

Am I confined by this wall among the demons?

Sirius is acting as eyes, reticently observing my misery and sin.

I can't believe what I'm seeing.

My heart broke as I saw my friends go one by one,

Seeing my adversaries succeed while I fail, I'm dejected.

It devastates me on the inside.

I was horrified to see what I had done to myself when I looked in the mirror;

By myself, and all because of a scumbag partner,

Treating them with kindness,

While the only thing I ever asked for in return was their love,

which they never offered.

When I'm awake, they treat me as if I'm dead.

I know they'll be flocking to my grave to apologize when I'm dead.

Do they know I won't be able to hear it at the time?

Every second of my life is like a horrific second,

Each heartbreak brings various failures,

Diverse aspirations that they never met.

Howbeit, who cares?

I never felt drawn to follow the upright path; I became blind.

I sought solace in my tears.

Letting sleeping dogs lie,

Sleeping with opened eyes.

It'll all end in tears,

Whilst others thoughts that I'm merely bashful.

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Shooting Star

How to heal the dingy?

How to heal the darkness?

How to heal the gloom?

Just hitch the wagon to a star.

Stars are easy on the eyes

because they twinkle from a distance;

they feign to sparkle

when they are ablaze.

I never fathomed why they feign.

I catch sight of a shooting star.

I failed

I failed to be convinced by the grandeur of a shooting star,

blazing my longing for this moment to endure.

They feign

because they are more willingly to implode

than acquiesce in their hurt

burst upon anyone else.

In lieu, they just burn out,

letting the paleness fill their inners,

leaving the sky darker and darker.

Notwithstanding, our na've eyes are preoccupied with the ecstasy of life.

All is seemingly to be the same.

Just hitch the wagon to a star.

Stars are easy on the eyes

because they are us,

charming to the world

while perishing inside.

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Turning Over a New Leaf

On a journey between the seasons;

Leaves were falling;

falling on the left and right, right and left of the route.

You told me it was the autumn leaves.

I had faith that you wouldn't deceive me;

I thought of you as a kindred spirit;

I was convinced by your sto-- even though the apple doesn't fall far from the tree.

I've gone jack-o-lantern now.

Turning over a new leaf.

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Smiley Wind

Sitting in the back of the bus

With passengers who I have never come across;

They seem to be nice.

Sitting in the back of the bus;

Opening the window to let the wind share the reassurance.

The wind is seemingly robust;

Is it because of the bus's velocity

Or because it's a bad day for me?

A child is resting across from me

With a belle smile.

Encountering this smile made my day;

Like I have met an old friend,

And the happiness overwhelmed me;

Letting everything behind.

Time is passing in slowly instants;

The wind is settling down;

Like soothing a baby.

That smile made my day.

It brought happiness back to my heart.

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My Lovely Mug

Silence kept the peace in me

when life was too close.

I heard my heartbreak.

It seems to me like the cracking of a mug.

A mug filled with regrets and mistakes,

instead of a beloved mug of coffee

with its motivation and energy.

A storm was hitting hard,

behind the door.

A shelter to heal or a silence to keep the peace.

The storm ruined;

ruined everything.

Damage is done.

The sun and the summer are back;

back with its beauty.

The breeze of motivation and energy

with the healed mug.

My beloved mug of coffee;

my garden with its lovely colors;

my colored flowers with their lovely smells.

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Magical Cacti

Magic never reveals his secrets.

Dark magic or white magic.

Magic could be helpful or harmful.

A little bouquet of cactus could reveal its magical secrets.

Give me a bouquet of cacti.

Little blossoms blooming

but not endeavoring to conceal behind them.

Not endeavoring to disguise their dark magic

or their thorny selves.

Dark magic that could reveal the blood they will draw.

A cacti-cacti, a darky-lighty cactus.

Does the color intensity or the color degree matter?

Even though they won't endeavor to disguise their thorny selves.

Show me how they will reveal their dark magic;

Show me how they will draw blood.

Show me that if they touched in the dark spot,

they will inflict harm or show anguish.

Charming cacti, sincere cacti.

Cacti that will dim if they bury themselves.

Do petals really matter that much?

Do they?

Give me the soreness and ugliness.

You are seemingly the apple of my eye;

Give me the gospel truth.

Give me fidelity.

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Valuable Gift, Thanks Santa

There must be a Santa Claus. Could you think of another word to describe the shift in
how people connect throughout the typically dismal winter months? Santa Claus is a catalyst for
human goodwill, instilling in us a genuine concern for our fellow man and bringing us together
for this joyous season. Consider how different the World would be if Santa Claus didn't exist.
Santa Claus, also known as St. Nick, is one of the most well-known fictional characters globally,
and he has touched the hearts of many children. He is well-known for giving presents to children
in need. Santa Claus also offers hope to children who are despairing and smiles to those who
have lost theirs. Santa Claus rides in a sleigh pulled by eight reindeer. Children all over the globe wait for his coming while snuggled in their beds, frantically hoping to get a wink of sleep. He
manages to satisfy the aspirations of children, dressed in red and with a merry old smile. Santa
Claus gives every Christmas season a whole new meaning.

On one of the Christmas nights, I eagerly waited for Santa Claus, hoping to receive the
gift I'd always hoped to receive.

Eventually, I heard: 'Ho, ho, ho! Merry Christmas!'
I saw Santa coming from a distance flying with his sleigh approaching our chimney, and when
he noticed that I saw him, he left immediately, leaving a gift behind. After that, I ran towards the
chimney and found the gift that I'd always wished for!! After that, I walked to my friend's house
to share my happiness with him.

On my way, I came to see the poverty of children whose greatest gift would be a crumb
of bread, or the very least thing they need is just a hug to draw smiles and fill the happiness in
their faces. These children were homeless. They were sleeping in the cold weather of Christmas
night without any shelter to get warm in. It was a sensitive scene for me watching this poverty in
the streets while hoping to get a toy for myself that could help these poor children with their food
and needs for a long time.

I couldn't help but feel bad for choosing to get the fanciest of toys while other kids
suffered the way they did. At that moment, the truth hit me; genuine happiness couldn't be gifted
by Santa or anyone else but by putting smiles on the faces of those who were in desperate need
of one. Now regretting my choice, I decided to return home and wait for Santa, hoping he would
hear my silent whispers of penitence. My mom told me to go to bed, or Santa wouldn't come
again. I went to my bed and slept.

Feeling my legs were being tugged, I opened my eyes and saw the long white beard.
'OMG, SANTA!' I said, in a quiet voice, accompanied by tears:
'Forgive me. I didn't pick the right choice.'
But Santa Claus answered with a smile:
"Forget that. Tonight, it is my choice, and I chose to spend some time with the best boy in
the World, just before I leave you the real gift you've earned for yourself!'

The next morning, I found no presents under my Christmas tree, and as I approached my window, I realized that the valuable gift Santa left for me was to have compassion for other children and people.
'We are all unique individuals with strengths and weaknesses, and within each of us lies a
precious gift.'

Close

DOey Business Model Canvas

Problem Statement:
Lack of job opportunities and the poverty of Education in poor African areas leads to other problems, such as poverty.

Target:
- Africans of all ages, especially adolescents between the ages of 10-19.

• Africans in Africa and African Americans.
• Different financial backgrounds, especially Africans in poor areas.

Market Research Paragraph:
Despite providing many adolescents with jobs in various countries, Egypt is one of the countries that lack the capacity to do so with their adolescents. If we take into consideration and compare the following two statistics:

1- UNESCO stated that about 77,500 children and 221,000 adolescents were out of school in the

2018/19 academic year, despite Egypt's low dropout rates.

2- Egypt's employment dropped to 27129 thousand in the first quarter of 2021, down from 27799

thousand in the fourth quarter of 2020.

We will discover that there is a link between employment rates and education rates. Consequently, the challenge to be tackled is to disseminate knowledge among Egypt's new generations of adolescents. Egypt's economy will grow as a result, and the employment rate will progressively rise.

Let's come from the other sight of the problem. We will find that the problem of technology addiction to adolescents is increasing in Egypt gradually. An article from the Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University shows that 580 children and adolescents completed the survey. Only 14.66 percent of participants were considered ordinary internet users during the COVID-19 epidemic. According to Young's Internet Addiction Test, the majority (74.65 percent) were problematic users, and 10.69 percent were classified as internet addicts. Therefore, we should encourage adolescents to utilize the internet safely and benefit from it by expanding their knowledge and earning money.

Solution Statement:
My idea is to develop a mobile application that will allow adolescents to learn about real-life professions and work on them online.

The application will provide a wide range of jobs, including writing, web development, graphic design, and many more. Each applicant will be able to choose from any of the available jobs. Following the job selection, and acceptance exam will be provided to assess the applicant's level and whether or not the applicant reached the required level for the selected job. Consequently, if the required level is met, the applicant will be allowed to begin work; if not, applicants will be offered courses to learn more about the chosen job, and they will have the opportunity to retake an acceptance exam. Furthermore, both applicant levels will have the opportunity to take the courses if they see that they will not perform well in the acceptance exam. I've also established a rating system for the doers, which the customer will assign based on the doer's quality. Therefore, this system will specialize each doer based on the rating stars. I aim to use gamification techniques to offer applicants motivation. To be more specific, a leaderboard will be provided in the application based on the applicants' ratings over the course of a week or month, with awards awarded to the top three. This idea will help maintain a competitive community of doers in the application and motivate many more young people to work, even if it is only for enjoyment, like in a game. I have provided a communication system for the application. This communication system will help coordinate work between the customer and the worker.

1.     Value Proposition:

DOEY aims to provide job opportunities for Africans and adolescents from different geographic and cultures and help them by providing courses in various fields.

This application will allow Africans to:

• Improve their business communication skills.
• Have much more knowledge and experience.
• Make money profit for living.
• Learn and work online.
• Create strong bonds across the African continent.
• Be an excellent future business leader.
• Learn from the best-chosen courses on the internet.

The creation of this community will allow Africans to engage their skills, work, make money for a living, and help their families. Many advantages will be achieved from applying this application idea in real life, such as

1- Many adolescents will be able to learn more about the variety of the jobs, as well as gain experiences and money, while at their young ages.

2- When these adolescents get older, they will have a wide range of skills in the specific job they learned about and worked in, making them experts in their jobs.

3- Africa will progress in many fields, and providing these jobs will lower Egypt's future unemployment rate.

4- A community of doers will emerge between doers and consumers, assisting in developing these doers as future business leaders.

5- Africa's poverty rates will decrease as these adolescents could be the source of income for their families.

2.     Key Activities:

• Create a platform for Africans to compete positively to be from the top 3 in the leaderboard each month.

• Communicate with many lessors that will build a bond of business between DOERs and lessors.

• Share their skills and knowledge with lessors to make money and enhance their skills.

How the program works:

1- Applicants and lessors should create an account.

2- They have to choose their desired field from the job fields that will be shown.

3- DOERs will have their acceptance exams to check if they meet the required level or not.

4- If they do not meet the required level, courses will be provided to increase their knowledge and enhance their skills in the chosen field. (If they meet, they also can take the courses they may need to enhance their skills).

5- They will be given 10 free trials to work with, and it is updated every 2 weeks. (if they want to add up, they will have to buy 2.5$ for every 5 trials).

6- Lessors will be able to post in the application for the requirements of the needed task.

7- DOERs will apply for the task, and they will be selected according to how good they are from the feedback system that will be provided.

8- A communication system will be provided to make up the arrangements between lessor and DOER.

9- The more work they have the best feedback in, the more chances to be at the top of the leaderboard to win the month's prize.

3.     Key Partners:

1-     Imagine Scholar: Their mission is to equip young leaders with the integrity, skills, and mindsets they need to shape a world they can be proud of. (https://imaginescholar.org/).

• 4,000+ followers on Facebook.

2- COBURWAS INTERNATIONAL YOUTH ORGANIZATION TO TRANSFORM AFRICA (CIYOTA): They commit to providing access to quality education for vulnerable yet talented refugees. (https://www.coburwas.org/).

• 4,000+ followers on Facebook.

3- Ventures Africa: They produce exploratory, explanatory, conversational, and inspirational content for the readers. They desire to bring Africa to the world and the world to Africa through our stories. They aim to teach community engagement through business (http://www.venturesafrica.com/).

• 45,000+ followers on Facebook.
• 4,000+ followers on Instagram.

4- Youth volunteers (students between the age of 16-20 years old that are willing to help and promote the application). 

5- Equity Bank Kenya: They offer integrated financial services that socially and economically empower consumers, businesses, enterprises, and communities (https://equitygroupholdings.com/ke/).

• 965,000+ followers on Facebook.
• 34,000+ followers on Instagram.

4.     Key Resources:

• Support: 

1- From the Ministry of Education.

2- From partners.

3- From friends and families around the country.

• Logistics:

1- Database of the conducted interviews.

2- Creation of an effective system to link between the DOER and lessor.

3- Getting permission from authors to use the provided courses. 

4- Building a community of life-workers to help in choosing the best questions.

5- Presentations and designs to introduce the application. 

• Marketing: 

1- Application creation. 

2- Offline advertising (connecting with friends in my community).

3- Google Play/App Store.

4- Social media presence (YouTube, Instagram, and Facebook).

5.     Customer Relationships:

DOEY is not only an application; it is a community. It aims to provide job opportunities for Africans and adolescents from different geographic and cultures and help them by providing courses in various fields. Africans will be able to learn and work through the application and build a community that will help them, whatever the age is.

Before using the application, applicants should sign up accounts on the application to determine if the applicant is DOER or lessor; after that, they choose the job they will work in from the job fields.

During the use of the application, there will be a feedback system that will grade the DOERs by the lessors. A leaderboard of the grades will be provided to determine the winner of the month in the application. 

After using the application, a survey will be provided to offer any suggestions for any improvement or tell if there are any errors in the application.

6.     Channels:

• Presentations: in high schools across Egypt by youth volunteers.
• Partnerships: with the following organizations to reach our audience: 

Ventures Africa: (http://www.venturesafrica.com/).

Equity Bank Kenya: (https://equitygroupholdings.com/ke/).

• Social media presence: Youtube, Instagram, and Facebook page.

7.     Revenue Stream:

• Equity Bank Kenya: 

Equity Bank Kenya Limited is a financial services provider headquartered in Nairobi, Kenya. It is licensed as a commercial bank by the Central Bank of Kenya, which is the central bank and national banking regulator of Kenya. They offer interests up to 13%.

• Donations: 

DOEY is open to donations from DOERS, lessors, or outside organizations to participate in the funding of this project.

• DOEY premium service:

A premium subscription and other expenses will give further resources such as certificates for business achievements and more trials to work. Ten free trial works will be updated every two weeks; if the DOER needs to add up, he will have to spend 2.5$ for each additional five times.

• Social Media Sales: The average cost per click (CPC) for Facebook ads across all industries is $1.72.

8.     Sources:

I.Roach, E., 2022. Education in Egypt. [online] WENR. Available at: <https://wenr.wes.org/2019/02/education-in-egypt-2>.

II.O'Neill, A., 2022. Egypt - Unemployment rate 2020 | Statista. [online] Statista. Available at: <https://www.statista.com/statistics/377343/unemployment-rate-in-egypt/>.

III.Wafa, H., Ashry, M., Mekky, J. and Elweshahi, H., 2022. Internet abuse in children and adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt. [online] New.ejpsy.eg.net. Available at: <https://new.ejpsy.eg.net/article.asp?issn=1110-1105;year=2021;volume=42;issue=1;spage=36;epage=42;aulast=Abou>.

IV.Kemp, S., 2022. Digital in Egypt: All the Statistics You Need in 2021 ' DataReportal ' Global Digital Insights. [online] DataReportal ' Global Digital Insights. Available at: <https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2021-egypt?rq=Egypt>.

 

Mentioned Organization 

• Ventures Africa 

http://www.venturesafrica.com/

• Equity Bank Kenya 

https://equitygroupholdings.com/ke/

• Imagine Scholar

https://imaginescholar.org/

• COBURWAS INTERNATIONAL YOUTH ORGANIZATION TO TRANSFORM AFRICA (CIYOTA)

https://www.coburwas.org/

 

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What is on the Other Side of a Black Hole?

A black hole is known for its powerful gravitational field, and it is something unrecorded
by man and undetectable by technology. However, astronomers and scientists can make
scientific assumptions for understanding mysteries and what really can be 'on the other side of a
black hole!'

'What does a black hole mean?' If this question was asked to someone with a scientific
background, the most common response is that they are gigantic black orbs floating in space with
an incomprehensible gravitational field. Nevertheless, suppose a person asks this to a science
fiction geek. In that case, they might give a more interesting answer: black holes serve as portals to allow humans to travel into other dimensions. They might be portals leading to adventures.
Unfortunately, the idea of exploring what is on the other side of a black hole has been a mystery
the scientific community is trying to solve.
Moreover, black holes are substantial black orbs floating in space with an inexplicable
gravitational field. In a simple scenario, black holes in the universe are like paper that comes into
contact when a force folds a piece. An object on one side of the paper crosses the fold and stays
on the paper but moves away from its original location when the piece of the paper is unfolded.
Consider the fact that a single sheet of paper contains both time and space. Both endpoints of the
paper must be within striking distance for a traveller to cross through, which is scientifically
called a "wormhole." In theory, a wormhole is similar to a tunnel having two ends at different
space-time locations; nothing can cross intact without being smashed. We now comprehend what
a black hole is. So, how about the polar opposite? A white hole is a black hole's "time reversal,"
or a video of a black hole played backward, in the same way as a bouncing ball is a falling ball's
time reversal. The event horizon of a black hole is a sphere of no return, whereas the event
horizon of a white hole is a barrier of no entrance. White holes, which spew matter and energy
into space, can be found in the vast endless cosmos. The idea of white holes is a fascinating
possible explanation for wormholes. Objects within a white hole, unlike black holes, may escape
and interact with the outer world, but the interior is cut off from the entire universe since nothing
can get in.

'What would happen if a human were separated from the rest of the universe and fell into
a black hole?' Hawking created the last hypothesis, which likewise has to do with the
information. He argues that once within the black hole, all matter transforms into information,
but what happens when the black hole vanishes? All information would be destroyed, so the particles that emerge from the black hole would have no connection to what went in.
On the other hand, Hawking has proposed a concept that may explain what happens to the
information. He asserts that a black hole is not what people believed it was, that it is not a prison
with no escape, and that 'this informs us if it is conceivable to go into a black hole and emerge in
another universe' since the information is retained. The information would be preserved but
would not be accessible.

'What is really beyond a black hole's horizon?' All of these hypotheses and possibilities,
however, are still and may always remain sci-fi concepts. We will never have decisive evidence
such as a human entering and exiting a black hole and proving that all the discussed theories and
scenarios are entirely accurate. However, recent studies discovered that the powering of the
universe's brightest continuous sources of light produce the corona of a black hole. In the form
of X-rays, this light has the potential to map and identify a black hole. Astronomers utilized the
prior X-ray technique to observe light from the other side. According to the hypothesis, because
these warped fields function as mirrors, it should be possible to detect light waves from the other
side of a black hole. The light seen might indicate the existence of a strange galaxy with massive
heat and energy on the opposite side of the black hole. The explanation for this light, in my
opinion, might be due to the vast lights that the black hole absorbs during its lifespan. On the
other hand, the light might be a source of energy that allows the black hole to consume
everything, even itself! Because black holes are formed of dead stars, the star's energy source is
nuclear reactions deep within the star, emitting light.

Indeed, what has been discussed so far may be perplexing and difficult to comprehend at
times. Nonetheless, this is an enthralling subject, with a theory that will continue to enthrall
humanity. Scientists will continue to learn more about black holes, and new ideas will be confirmed true, while others will be disproven. In this field, research will continue in the hopes
of making them less puzzling to the human brain in the future. Astronomers are now very excited
to discover more about black holes and 'what exactly is the other side of a black hole?'

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Kids are Eating Each Other: The Failed Response to the Inequality

The distribution of income and wealth, or how a country's wealth and income are spread among its citizens, has been a violation of human rights for many years. The question is, what leads to the bad distribution? In Twilight of the Elites, Christopher Hayes, a liberal journalist, claims that the gap between the rich and the poor is expanding, and there needs to have things done in order to shorten the inequality gap. Austerity policies imposed in the aftermath of the global financial crisis have exacerbated income and wealth inequality in recent years. The emergence of extreme economic disparity has dashed aspirations of a more equitable society in many rising economies and nations moving from undemocratic leadership. Inequality in South Africa, for example, is higher today than it was at the end of apartheid, and regressive austerity policies in Egypt's troubled transition have exacerbated inequities. In response to the inequality, countries must take immediate action to lower inequality rates, maintain the human right to equality, and understand its causes and implications, which are often complicated and involved in social, economic, political, and environmental systems and resources.

 

I.                Increasing economic inclusion and creating decent work and higher incomes: Egypt and other countries must go further with providing jobs for unemployed people with satisfied incomes.

"Wherever we lift one soul from a life of poverty, we are defending human rights.

And whenever we fail in this mission, we are failing human rights." ' Kofi Annan United Nations Secretary-General.

Before the crisis of 'COVID-19,' unemployment rates were not that high as nowadays in Egypt and other countries. If we came through the unemployment status before the crisis, Egypt responded with many policies to the problem of the unemployment rates. As Mohammed Hassan and Cyrus Sassanpour said, Egypt's unemployment problem is mostly a result of educated youth looking for their first job. The core of the problem is a mismatch of skills between employment requirements and job seekers' qualifications, as well as a high reservation pay for fresh school leavers and limited labor mobility. In Egypt, the wage-setting system appears to be working reasonably well, and non-wage expenses, while significant, do not appear to represent a binding restriction. Furthermore, recent legislation has enhanced labor market flexibility overall. Egypt's economic performance has been mixed, but unemployment has remained stubbornly high even in periods of reasonably robust growth.

According to Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS) data, Egypt's overall unemployment rate is around 7.9% of the population, with female unemployment rising to 21.77%. The overall unemployment rate in governorates like Damietta reaches about 21.1%. In contrast, it varies between 11.4 and 15.5% in Cairo and 10.9% in Alexandria, both of which are classified as prosperous governorates by the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics. The unemployment rate is also higher in two basic education categories (the largest of which is undergraduate and graduate education at 48.8%, followed by post-high school intermediate education at 34.9%), implying that Egypt's educational system is unprepared to absorb qualitative learners into the labor market. Thus, the unemployment rates are low among the uneducated.

However, in response to the large-scale unemployed people of Egypt's countries, the School-to-Work Transition Survey (SWTS), a detailed household survey encompassing 15-29-year-olds, was created by the International Labor Organization (ILO). The survey is conducted at the national level to gather data on the present labor market condition, economic activity history, and youth opinions and aspirations. In Egypt, the SWTS was used to gather and analyze data on the numerous problems young men and women face as they transition to working life. The CAPMAS carried out the survey, with fieldwork taking place from November to December 2012. The SWTS is being implemented in 28 target nations with the help of cooperation.

Recently, the unemployment rates have been increasing due to the crisis of 'COVID-19.' However, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) policy responds to support young people through the crisis. For example, in December 2020, the Korean government published a Youth Policy Basic Plan with policy directions for each ministry to create a whole-of-government approach to help young people through the crisis. A youth strategy was produced in New Zealand to alleviate the impact of the crisis on young people, with a focus on disabled young people.

However, in other circumstances, young people have been unable to obtain such assistance, particularly when linked to work. Young people are also more likely to work on nonstandard contracts, making existing social protection measures less effective.

II.             Empowering women and creating opportunities for youth and disadvantaged communities: Egypt and other countries must stand up for gender equality to preserve women's human rights.

'I raise up my voice ' not so I can shout, but so that those without a voice can be heard...we cannot succeed when half of us are held back.' ' Malala Yousafzai, Pakistani activist for female education and the youngest Noble Prize laureate.

Women and young people have unique hurdles when working in productive areas of the economy. Despite the fact that women and youth are not a homogeneous group, with conditions varying according to age, class, education, ethnicity, geography, and other cultural and socioeconomic factors, it is commonly agreed that women and youth face a disproportionate share of global poverty. Unemployment among young people is rising, posing a danger to long-term growth and social stability, while women continue to encounter impediments in practically every element of the economy. Women face social and cultural prejudice and uneven access to and control assets and services.

Therefore, women's empowerment is critical for the health and development of families, communities, and countries. As they can contribute to the development of sustainable economies, as well as benefit society and humanity as a whole. Education is a crucial aspect of this empowerment. Girls who have an education can eventually pursue meaningful jobs and contribute to their country's economy. 'I want to finish secondary school too. I want to prove that girls can do it,' Marie said, with a look of determination when she insisted on completing her education.

By empowering women for work, many challenges will be achieved, like the problem of hunger between most of the African countries. For clarification, malnutrition claims the lives of 3 million youngsters every year. Girls are also twice as likely as boys to be malnourished. Girls in impoverished nations are generally the last to eat, which might mean eating nothing at all due to traditional ideas that privilege boys above daughters. Challenging these stereotypes and providing chances for girls and women to become food producers, such as farmers, will result in fewer hungry people and a more sustainable food system.

Furthermore, United Nations (UN) Women has given vocational training to young, out-of-school women in order to expand their access to decent work and entrepreneurial opportunities. Some of the UN Women countries' contributions will be mentioned as follows:

1.     UN Women provides computer skills training to girls, and young women worldwide, including in South Sudanese Internally Displaced Person (IDP) camps and Nat community girls in India.

2.     In Albania, UN Women offered technical assistance and training on gender-responsive budgeting to the Ministries of Finance and Social Welfare and Youth, resulting in the establishment of gender-specific targets.

3.     Women and girls in Pakistan were encouraged to utilize home-based food production methods. Also, UN Women works with countries to implement policy reforms for young women's education and skill development.

4.     UN Women sponsored the creation of gender-inclusive curricula for public schools in the Asia-Pacific area.

Further contributions from the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), as the knowledge, skills, technology, and business support services needed to allow women and youth to engage in productive activities, earn income, and so decrease poverty are the main major of UNIDO. UNIDO aids governments in establishing gender policies. These activities are accomplished via capacity-building activities and policies that can provide women and adolescents with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to take economic opportunities, take charge of their lives, and express societal influence.

III.           Fostering pro-poor fiscal policies and developing fair and transparent tax systems: A higher minimum wage is just one way and a limited one.

'...if they would but think how hard it is for the very poor to have engendered in their hearts, that love of home from which all domestic virtues spring, when they live in dense and squalid masses where social decency is lost, or rather never found ... and [those who rule] strive to improve the wretched dwellings in bye-ways where only Poverty may walk ... In hollow voices from Workhouse, Hospital, and jail, this truth is preached from day to day, and has been proclaimed for years.' ' Charles Dickens, The Old Curiosity Shop.

Pro-poor growth is defined as growth that benefits the poor disproportionately, which means that fiscal policy encourages growth while also redistributing the increased income gained by growth to the poor.

In particular, Upper Egypt (southern Egypt) topped the list of the poorest governorates in the country. Despite the high average poverty rate, the picture appears darker when we look at the figures for the governorates of Upper Egypt, where Assiut had the highest poverty rate of 66.7%, followed by Sohag with 59.6%, El Minya 54%, Qena 41%, and Luxor 55.3%. According to a report in the economist magazine (World Bank statement released in 2019), 60% of Egyptians are among the poorest.

However, solutions between the countries come into the first place for a problem like this, for example, the World Bank Group assists governments in developing fair and equitable tax systems by reducing the negative impact of taxation on the poor, which may include: 

1.     Using the tax system to provide incentives for better social outcomes, such as tobacco and carbon taxes, and smart earmarking of taxes to support social programs in education and health.

2.     Increasing the tax burden on affluent households by taxing real estate and capital gains.

3.     Establishing minimum tax payment levels and progressive personal income tax regimes that help reduce income disparity.

Furthermore, the critical economic policy is exchange rate flexibility. A more flexible currency rate might improve competitiveness, stimulate international investment and tourists, and assist growing industries in exporting. These have the ability to provide jobs and long-term growth, hence improving living standards. In addition, the fluctuation of the Egyptian pound's exchange rate against the US dollar is a positive sign.

Reforms to the structure are also critical. It will be critical to make structural changes to enhance the business climate and make Egypt more appealing to investors. Building contemporary and open institutions to foster accountability and good governance and ensure fair and transparent game rules is significant for the government. A fair economic policy may ensure that the benefits of growth reach all members of society. It can ensure that everyone has equal access to jobs and business possibilities, regardless of whether or not they are connected. There are also initiatives authorities may take to improve the financial system's performance. Only 10% of Egyptians, for example, have bank accounts. Increasing the availability of financial services and providing more financing to small firms that create jobs might significantly positively impact the economy.

Finally, improving the educational system for Egypt's long-term development is essential. Jobs cannot be produced until the educational system is aligned to equip graduates for the skills required in today's work market. If properly implemented, the constitutionally mandated rebalance of expenditure toward health and education might support higher, more equitable growth in the long run while maintaining financial sustainability.

Overall, the current status of Egypt and other countries is getting better through the excellent distribution of income and wealth between its people. Regardless that the situation in Egypt is getting better, as president El Sisi is working and focusing on solving the problem of inequality in Egypt, there are still other countries that counter this problem, and they do not receive help. However, with the right policies and equality, Egypt and other countries' governments can meet the hopes and aspirations of its people.

 

Works Cited:

 

1-     McDermott, J., 2013. The future of inequality. [online] Ft.com. Available at: <https://www.ft.com/content/34757480-31a0-11e3-a16d-00144feab7de>.

2-     Ohchr.org. n.d. OHCHR | Human rights dimension of poverty. [online] Available at: <https://www.ohchr.org/en/issues/poverty/dimensionofpoverty/pages/index.aspx>.

3-     Takino, S. and Miranda, V., 2021. What have countries done to support young people in the COVID-19 crisis?. [online] OECD. Available at: <https://www.oecd.org/coronavirus/policy-responses/what-have-countries-done-to-support-young-people-in-the-covid-19-crisis-ac9f056c/>.

4-     Plan International Canada. 2021. How empowering girls and women can change the world - Plan International Canada. [online] Available at: <https://stories.plancanada.ca/how-empowering-girls-and-women-can-change-the-world/>.

5-     Worldvision.com.au. n.d. Womens Empowerment - Facts, Stories and How To Help | World Vision Australia. [online] Available at: <https://www.worldvision.com.au/womens-empowerment/>.

6-     UN Women. n.d. Economic empowerment and skills development for young women. [online] Available at: <https://www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/youth/economic-empowerment-and-skills-development-for-young-women>.

7-     Unido.org. n.d. Women and youth in productive activities | UNIDO. [online] Available at: <https://www.unido.org/our-focus/creating-shared-prosperity/women-and-youth-productive-activities>.

8-     Taxes & Government revenue. World Bank. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/taxes-and-government-revenue#2.

9-     Fauad, W., 2021. Egypt: Poverty and Imbalances of Income and Wealth Distribution. [online] Egyptian Institute for Studies. Available at: <https://en.eipss-eg.org/egypt-poverty-and-imbalances-of-income-and-wealth-distribution/#_ftn1>.

10- Goodreads.com. n.d. Poverty Inequality Quotes (17 quotes). [online] Available at: <https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/tag/poverty-inequality>.

11- Jarvis, C. (2015, February 11). How can Egypt achieve economic stability and better living standards together? IMF Blog. Retrieved from https://blogs.imf.org/2015/02/11/how-can-egypt-achieve-economic-stability-and-better-living-standards-together/.

12- 123helpme.com. n.d. Essay On Income Inequality - 1524 Words | 123 Help Me. [online] Available at: <https://www.123helpme.com/essay/Essay-On-Income-Inequality-322161>.

13- Barsoum, G., Ramadan, M., & Mostafa, M. (2014, June). Labour market transitions of young women and men in Egypt. Retrieved from https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/documents/publication/wcms_247596.pdf.

14- Hassan, M., & Sassanpour, C. (2008, July). Labor market pressures in Egypt: Why is the unemployment ... Labor Market Pressures in Egypt: Why is the Unemployment Rate Stubbornly High? Retrieved from http://www.ilo.org/dyn/travail/docs/437/Hassan%20and%20Sassanpour%202008%20'Labor%20Market%20Pressures%20in%20Egypt'%20API.pdf.

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School vs. Real-world

At the beginning of each student's life, students are enrolled in many different classes. They are expected to acquire and memorize principles in science, mathematics, physics, and other subjects. They move from one lesson to another without understanding why they are required to learn these lessons or even these subjects. They know that if they want to go to the best colleges, they must achieve the highest marks. They get addicted to education by spending their time completing homework and tasks without even understanding it. They do not have any doubts about their educational system. Some of the students may have had the talent to be an actor or a passion for painting, but these students are never encouraged to pursue their passions. In response to the common flawed educational system between the countries, the educational system must be based on life application skills that will help students know what is beyond their subjects in the 'Real-world.'

I.                Preparation for college and career life: schools must help students identify their future careers.

Although education is critical for many careers, it is unnecessary for everyone or every career, as students demand life skills such as personal responsibility and the ability to handle their finances. Therefore, schools must provide courses that will prepare students for any path they choose in life, including both college and career preparation.

In particular, this can be done by requesting the alumni of every school to give online night sessions for the students to discuss and share their life experiences with them to avoid their failures after finishing or during their school. Moreover, they can also tell them more about college and how to prepare for college applications.

II.             Encourage teamwork: schools must teach their students how to work in teams and be effective leaders in the community.

Working as part of a team is one of the most important skills that students nowadays need to thrive in the workplace. They must be able to negotiate, compromise, and share credit in order to contribute to projects as a productive contributor. These skills may be taught in school by requiring students to work in groups on certain projects and assignments.
Furthermore, the idea of teamwork can be conducted in the classes, which will make it easier for students to understand the subjects and share the ideas by the technique of 'Think-pair-share.'

However, finding a career that does not need you to be able to work closely and happily with others can also be challenging. Traditional collaboration is necessary to prepare students in this area adequately. Rather than forming a group and assigning responsibilities to one another, students should be encouraged to take on diverse roles within their group for each project. Depending on the situation, they can be an 'writer' or a 'leader.' Students can occupy various roles with their classmates during a project, allowing them to engage with others in a more collaborative manner.

 

III.           Provide students with real-life skills: skills taught in school are different from the skills in the real world outside the school.

Arguably, students who have recently graduated from high school lack skills. They do not know how to deal with the real world. If they obtained any skills throughout their high school years, they did from part-time jobs to earn money. Otherwise, the school does not contribute to the students' learning of necessary skills. Students' core problem after graduation is a lack of understanding of how money works. There isn't a class in school that teaches you how to save, manage, or invest money. Even after excelling in their mathematics and finance classes, many students struggle to manage their funds. This issue is due to the fact that school courses are entirely theoretical, and nothing in those textbooks teaches students to be practical!
Therefore, providing the students with many extracurricular activities and internship programs will help them gain real-world skills.

Most schools in Slovakia fail to prepare their students for working life properly. 'I don't think my schools helped me much to prepare for a working life,' said Silvia Kov'čov', when she did not find job opportunities after long searching. According to the 'Quarter to Quality Education' study conducted by the Slovak Accreditation Agency for Higher Education (SAAHE) between late April and late May 2021, 41% of public university students believe their schools did not do enough to help their graduates find work. On the other hand, private university students feel more equipped for life and work in the future, with just 15% stating they are poorly prepared. Moreover, college dropout rates steadily increase over time because of the flawed educational system between countries. As the report highlights in the United States, the overall dropout rate for undergraduate college students is 40%, and in 4-year colleges, 56% of students drop out within six years.

Meanwhile, the epidemic has made it more difficult for graduates with no work experience to obtain work. Apart from the lack of a traineeship, the respondents express dissatisfaction with the lack of opportunities to strengthen their foreign language and transferrable skills while still in school.

Indeed, our schools nowadays do not prepare students for the real world. However, several countries have begun to work on improvements; for example, "Leaf Academy" is built to strengthen real-world skills (e.g., leadership and self-discipline) and prepare foreign and Slovakian students for college or career life. Thus, there is a hope that the educational system will be improved in the near future.

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